Resource Management Project

As part of our unit on Governments and how they manage the resources within their country, our class is required to research and present, during our Presentation on Learning, on a particular issue or problem, and propose a solution to that issue. The issue that we are researching has to be something that we are able to pitch, present, or propose to an organization or person outside of the HTHI community in an attempt to bring a solution to the problem.

Maryross, my partner, and I have decided to tackle the issue of the Philippines' overwhelming population due to the lack of sex education.

Visit here to see more information on our Resource Management Project.


What is the resource in question?

The resource in question is education in the Philippines. It is the lack of information regarding sex education in the country. The Philippines is not using this specific resource to educate teenagers and young adults about sex because the Catholic Church opposes schools to cover this complex issue.


What are the sources that you used for your research? A minimum of five is needed.

The sources that we are using for research are: articles about this issue, blogs (parents, teachers, teenagers, etc.), interviews (our parents, people in the Philippines), media (T.V.), internet, and hopefully schools in the Philippines.

Sources:
CIA World Factbook - statistics on population
Planned Parenthood (http://www.plannedparenthood.org/about-us/international-program/philippines-country-program-19029.htm)
Blog: Sex Education in the Philippines (http://aboutmyrecovery.com/2006/07/21/sex-education-in-the-philippines/)
Interviews
Video-chat with school in Philippines


What is the end product and how will you present it or pitch it? Who will you pitch it to (think authenticity and truly making a difference here)?

Our end product will be a documentary showcasing the different situations of lifestyles in the Philippines. We are planning to send it to the schools in the Philippines so that they know that the lack of sex-ed is a problem. We are also planning to send it to different organizations in the U.S. to help the Philippines develop a reliable clinic to educate students because most schools abide by the Church's decisions.The Philippines is one of the global partners of Planned Parenthood. However, most of these organizations are located in the city, specifically Metro Manila, and not in the provinces where family planning is not recognized. Our end project will hopefully encourage some of PPFA’s Philippines programs such as Reproductive Health Program for Street Children and Yo! LEAD, to also reach out to teenagers and youth in the provinces about this issue.


What is the historical context for that resource being mismanaged in the region you are studying?

For the country's 30 million people living in poverty, rice and birth control are both daily staples of life, yet increasingly expensive and difficult to access. Also, the Philippines, with 90% of the population being Catholic, are generally conservative and view education on sexual health as obscene and think that educating young people about sex will make them more promiscuous. Since abortion is illegal in the Philippines except to save a woman's life, and is highly stigmatized within this largely Catholic society, many women suffer the devastating effects of unsafe abortion. There are an estimated 473,000 abortions performed each year, many of which are illegal and unsafe, and which result in the hospitalization of 79,000 women. The Catholic Church plays a vast role to preventing schools from teaching sex education. The Church believes that sex-ed should be left to parents and not to teachers or anyone else because it will somehow encourage students to have “protected” sex instead of abstinence.


What are the current issues with regard to the resource you’ve chosen? How is it currently being managed, if at all?

In the Philippines, the government promotes fertility awareness-based methods of family planning rather than more effective contraceptive methods, and refuses to fund birth control in public health clinics. With little or no access to family planning and one of the strictest abortion laws in the world, the Philippines’ poorest women have an average of seven children to feed on less than $2 a day. Combined with the notion that sex and sexuality are not acceptable topics for teenagers — although this is changing, such as with laws protecting teen survivors of sexual abuse, it is difficult to educate the population. The Department of Education in the Philippines is currently trying to force schools to educate students about having sex. Department of Education Secretary Fe Hidalgo, wrote that "Information and services should be made available to adolescents to help them understand their sexuality and protect them from unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections and subsequent risk of infertility." However, there are many protests about this issue because conservative Catholics are very closed minded to the issue. He also states that “We are not tolerating pre-marital sex. We do not even encourage this. What we are doing is telling them the consequences of such acts and what should be done.” Even though there are plans to manage this issue, there are still people who agree with the Church that having sex-ed will not really “educate” a student but encourage them to have sex before marriage.


Are there better management models that exist? You must compare the situation you are researching to at least two other similar situations that are happening in the world now.

The Planned Parenthood in America is a better management that does exist. In America, students are taught about sex and the basics of it. At least in this country, teenagers are taught of what to expect if they do end up having sex and also teenagers are aware of the consequences at an early age. Japan is also open to teaching sex ed in their schools. They teach elementary students the basics of what happens when people have sex. As they go to high school, they are taught about the different "protective" methods of having sex. At the same time, it doesn't promote having sex but being educated about the outcomes of having sex. On the other hand, Saudi Arabia and India have also banned sex education. They both have similar beliefs as the Philippines because they would rather have parents teach their children about sex instead of a teacher. In India, they believe that sex education in school doesn’t have a place in the Indian culture. Saudi Arabia believes that it is an “immoral” social content to teach students about sex education.


What is your proposed solution to the issue you are researching? What can you make/build/do/create/propose in order to improve how that resource is managed?

We propose to have small organizations placed in the provinces of the Philippines to help educate the youth and teens about sex. They can serve as counseling if teens feel comfortable talking to someone else than their parents or if they have any questions about anything. It can also serve as a place where teens are educated about sex, protection, and consequences. The Catholic Church is saying that it should be left to parents about teaching this issue but do parents really know anything about this complex issue or how they can talk to their children about it?


What is your timeline for completing your final product? What will you need in terms of resources in order to complete the product?

· We will be doing more in depth research about this issue and the different perspectives that people have about sex education.

· At the same time, we will be contacting schools in the Philippines and organizations to gather more info.

· We will also gather images and clips of the life in the Philippines and the effects of uneducated teens and families about sex.

· Create our documentary.

Voter Education Project

As part of the Voter Education Night, which takes place on 10/28, my group members and I have researched different subtopics within the issue of Education as a whole and how these subtopics affect our government today. I was able to write a 6-page research paper about the No Child Left Behind Act as well as have our group create a PSA about the Act.

My Political Platform

Though my opinions aren't fully formed and I'm open-minded on certain issues, I will post what opinions I do have. After taking a test and researching on the Green Party, I'd have to agree their party platforms.

Health Care

Especially in our society, I believe holistic approaches should be implemented in our health care system such as alternative therapies. People should be able to choose the type of healthcare they believe is suitable to them. Improving the quality of our nation's food supply and our personal eating habits should also be a priority since most of the illnesses are diet-related.

Abortion

I strongly agree with the Green Party's stance on abortion. I believe that every woman should have the right to decide whether they would like to keep the baby or not and it is not up to the government to decide it's fate. Also, I believe all methods of contraception should be approved such as the "morning-after" pill and should be allowed to be used without a prescription since these types of pills are generally used for emergencies.

LGBT

I believe that regardless of gender/gender-identity everyone should have the same rights and equal benefits. A same-sex couple that is civilly wed should have the same rights as a traditional couple such as housing, medical benefits, child custody, and in all areas of life provided to all other citizens.

Education

Since the No Child Left Behind Act will most likely be reauthorized, it definitely needs to be revamped. First of all, the standards imposed must be lessened. Testing is something I don't believe in. People should also be free to choose what school their child would fit best in.

Immigration

This is probably the main issue I don't agree with the Green Party. I don't have a solution to fix the issues pertaining to immigration but I don't think that the Green Party's call for permanent border passes to all citizens of Mexico and Canada would help and would just be taken advantage of.

Green Party

In our Government class, students were to take a quiz and based on our results we were to include the history of the party, name, animal symbol, slogans, site for the convention, an issues platform, famous party candidate/individual, and a three-minute (3-5 minutes) opening speech for our party's convention.

Logo/symbol of Green Party

History

The Green Party is a political party which was first established in Tasmania in 1972. Organization in the United States began in 1984, inspired by the success of the German Green party. In 2007, it became the third modern party with a Federal Elections Commission-recognized Congressional Campaign Committee. The Green Committees of Correspondence were the first Green political organization in the United States, forming in 1984 and eventually becoming known as the Greens/Green Party USA. This organization still exists. The first candidates to run on the Green Party ticket in the United States were Wes Hare (NC), Joel Schechter (CT), and Richard Wolff (CT), who ran for local offices in 1985. Official ballot access was not achieved, however, until Jim Sykes' run for governor in Alaska in 1990.

Idealogy

The Green Party of the United States emphasizes environmentalism, non-hierarchical participatory democracy, social justice, respect for diversity, peace and nonviolence. Their "Ten Key Values," which are described as non-authoritative guiding principles, are as follows:
Grassroots democracy
Social justice and equal opportunity
Ecological wisdom
Non-violence
Decentralization
Community-based economics and economic justice
Feminism and gender equity
Respect for diversity
Personal and global responsibility
Future focus and sustainability

Famous Party Candidates

In the year 2000, the ASGP nominated Ralph Nader and Winona LaDuke for president and vice-president again. This time, the pair were on 44 state ballots and received 2,883,105 votes, or 2.7% of all votes cast. Nader's strong showing in several states solidified the changes in the Green Party from an "anti-party party" to an organization primarily dedicated to electoral campaigns. In particular, that was the widespread understanding of thousands of recruits to the party, as it went through an unprecedented rate of growth.

Site for the National Convention

The 2008 Green National Convention took place on July 10-14, 2008 in Chicago, Illinois at the Palmer House Hilton and Symphony Center. This served as both the venue for the Presidential Nominating Convention and the Annual Meeting of the Green Party of the United States.

Slogans

"Under Republicans, Man exploits Man. Under Democrats, it's just the opposite." - Earl Gray
"The Green Party is the party for the 21st Century"
"In a nutshell: Ecology and Community!"

Political Platforms

War on Terrorism

The use of Homeland Defense monies to spy on citizens exercising First Amendment rights is particularly onerous, as are "sneak and peek" provisions of the U.S.A.P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act that allows surveillance of libraries, readers, the Internet, and computer users. Basic rights ensuring individual privacy are under attack. The U.S. government's use of high tech tools, including intrusive monitoring, data mining and analysis to identify and disrupt citizen activists, should be seen as an attack on fundamental rights of an engaged, active citizenry.
The Green Party calls on Congress and the courts to reign in constitutional and civil liberties abuses that have become prevalent in the Bush administration and the John Ashcroft Justice Department

Healthcare

Medicare, which provides health care for over 40 million Americans, is at risk. We would vigorously pursue savings and cuts from abundant waste and fraud, eliminate unnecessary services that benefit providers more than patients, and rein in pharmaceutical industry price-gouging. National measures to reduce work hours, promote cyber-commuting for work, and increased vacation time for workers will significantly improve the public's health. We advocate access for all, irrelevant of income, to stress management training such as meditation techniques, yoga, tai chi, qigong, and biofeedback. improving the quality of our nation's food supply and our personal eating habits will lessen the strain on our health care system. We advocate subsidies for organic foods, as well as removing sugar/caffeine snacks from schools. This could save our nation as much as $700 to $850 billion of the $1 trillion annual health costs. We support the teaching of holistic health approaches and, as appropriate, the use of complementary and alternative therapies such as herbal medicines, homeopathy, acupuncture, and other healing approaches.

Education

Educational funding formulas at the state level need to be adjusted as needed to avoid gross inequalities between districts and schools. Educational grants should provide balance to ensure equal educational access for minority, deprived, special needs, and exceptional children. In higher education, federal college scholarship aid should be increased and offered to any qualified student. It is time to stop disinvesting in education, and start placing it at the top of our social and economic agenda. We oppose vouchers, or any scheme that will transfer money out of the public school system. That course only leads to a separate and unequal educational system. We also oppose charter schools or the administration of public schools by private, for-profit entities. We advocate state funding for day care that includes school children under the age of ten when after-school programs are not available. Classroom teachers at the elementary and high school levels should be given professional status and salaries comparable to related professions requiring advanced education, training and responsibility. We support tuition-free post secondary (collegiate and vocational) public education. Until tuition-free schooling is available to all, student loans should be available to all students attending college, and should be repayable as a proportion of future earnings rather than at a fixed rate. The Leave No Child Behind Act must be repealed, especially the section that gives the military access to student records.

Environmental Justice

Devoting greater efforts to full enforcement and prosecution of environmental crimes. Funding environmental crime units for district attorneys in counties with significant pollution problems.
Imposing a moratorium on siting new toxic chemical or waste facilities in those counties with the highest percentage exposure to hazardous substances. Not forcing workers to choose between a hazardous job or no job at all. Preventing communities, especially low-income or minority communities, from being coerced by governmental agencies or corporations into siting hazardous materials, or accepting environmentally hazardous practices in order to create jobs.

Abortion - Reproductive Rights

Women's right to control their bodies is non-negotiable. It is essential that the option of a safe, legal abortion remains available. The "morning- after" pill must be affordable and easily accessible without a prescription, together with a government-sponsored public relations campaign to educate women about this form of contraception. Clinics must be accessible and must offer advice on contraception and the means for contraception; consultation about abortion and the performance of abortions, and; abortion regardless of age or marital status. We endorse women's right to use contraception and, when they choose, to have an abortion. This right cannot be limited to women's age or marital status. Contraception and abortion must be included in all health insurance policies in the U.S., and any state government must be able to legally offer these services free of charge to women at the poverty level. Public health agencies operating abroad should be allowed to offer family planning, contraception, and abortion in all countries that ask for those services. We oppose our government's habit of cutting family planning funds when those funds go to agencies in foreign countries that give out contraceptive devices, offer advice on abortion, and perform abortions.

LGBT

The Green Party affirms the rights of all individuals to freely choose intimate partners, regardless of their sex, gender, or sexual orientation. We support the recognition of equal rights of persons gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender to housing, jobs, civil marriage, medical benefits, child custody, and in all areas of life provided to all other citizens. We support legislation against all forms of hate crimes, including those directed against people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, transgender, and intersex.

Immigration

Preferential quotas based on race, class, and ideology should be abandoned for immigration policies that promote fairness, non-discrimination and family reunification.The Green Party calls for permanent border passes to all citizens of Mexico and Canada whose identity can be traced and verified. Work permits for citizens of Mexico and Canada must be easily obtainable, thereby decriminalizing the act of gainful employment. This action would help eliminate exploitation of undocumented persons by criminals engaged in human contraband (coyotes) and unethical employers. It would also help ensure that taxes will be paid in each corresponding nation per its laws. These measures will also help temporary residents from Mexico and Canada to secure driving privileges and liability insurance. Labor laws must be adjusted to take into account seasonal foreign workers. Employers must provide full rights to wages and health benefits to immigrant workers who make voluntary contributions to pension plans and pay Social Security taxes. We advocate an end to employer sanctions, which have been shown to hurt not only undocumented workers but also U.S.-born workers (especially those of color). A fair and equitable legalization program will provide equal access to working people of all nationalities, not tied to a specific employer or guest worker program. Programs involving temporary worker status must include the option of permanent residency for immigrants already in the U.S. and protection of migrant worker savings. Greens oppose "English-only" legislation. We would advocate legislation to ensure that federal funds marked for communities to provide ESL (english as second language) training, and health and social support services to immigrants actually go to them. When funds are spent in other areas, immigrants are being deprived of benefits that they earn as productive workers in their communities.

Green Party Speech

Thank you for giving us the chance to voice our opinions this year at the National Convention. The green party is an organized political party and has been so since 1984. For those of you who don’t know, our main focuses are on the environment, how we can focus on staying green and keeping ourselves (the nation) healthy without damaging nature; respect for diversity, we believe in giving everyone equal rights; peace and nonviolence; war isn’t always the answer and conflicts can be resolved with communication and one-on-one discussion. The Green Party is the party for the 21st century. For healthcare we advocate access for all, irrelevant to income. Improving the quality of our nation's food supply and our personal eating habits will lessen the strain on our health care system (organic). For our education system, we want to ensure equal educational access for minority, deprived, special needs, and exceptional children. In higher education, federal college scholarship aid should be increased and offered to any qualified student. It is time to stop disinvesting in education, and start placing it at the top of our social and economic agenda. The Green Party is the party for the 21st century. A woman’s right to control her body is non-negotiable. It is essential that the option of a safe, legal abortion remains available. Clinics must be accessible and must offer advice on contraception meaning consultation about abortions and the performance of abortions, and abortions regardless of age or marital status. The Green Party supports the recognition of equal rights of persons gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender to housing, jobs, civil marriage, medical benefits, child custody, and in all areas of life provided to all other citizens. The Green Party is the party for the 21st century. The Green Party calls for permanent border passes to all citizens of Mexico and Canada whose identity can be traced and verified. Work permits for citizens of Mexico and Canada must be easily obtainable, thereby decriminalizing the act of gainful employment. We want to devote greater efforts to full enforcement and prosecution of environmental crimes. We don’t want to force workers to choose between a hazardous job or no job at all. In doing so we will prevent communities (especially low-income or minority communities) from being bullied by governmental agencies or corporations into sitting hazardous materials, or accepting environmentally hazardous practices in order to create jobs. Ladies and gentlemen, look around, times are changing. It’s time to focus on the present in order to move forward into the future, that is why the Green Party is the party for the 21st

Public Service Announcement

In Elika's class we were assigned to create our own public service announcement prompting the public to vote.

R&B - Until You Come Back To Me

Genre: Rhythm and Blues

History
It is a mixture of jazz, gospel and blues. R&B started around the 1940's which was coined as a musical marketing term in the United States. It evolved during the the World War II period where it became most influential from the rural South to the Midwest, Northeast and West Coast. R&B became popular in places like Chicago, New York, Detroit and Los Angeles until it spreaded worldwide. R&B isn't only about the words of the song but also the instruments that create the melody. Some instruments that are used in R&B music are guitars, bass, harmonica, saxophone and piano. You can say that R&B is a modern form of soul and funk because the melodies and tunes are very similar. Even though R&B began to become popular among the African-American, this music has become very popular with people of all ethnic backgrounds today.Cover:The cover that my group and I are doing is the song that was originally sung by Aretha Franklin and was co-written by Stevie Wonder, Until You Come Back to Me. However we are doing the cover that was sung by Camile Velasco. We came up with this song because it portrayed what R&B really is. In this song you'll hear the gospel/soul harmony in the background with some funk beats by the drums. This song also uses the piano, guitar and the bass. Asides from that, the lyrics tell a story and in this case, it's about someone who is waiting for that one person to come back into their life.

Until You Come Back (Camile Velasco) Lyrics:

Though you don't call anymore
I sit and wait in vain
I guess I'll rap on your door
tap on your window pane
I wanna tell you, baby
changes I've been going through,
missing you, listen you
'til you come back to me
that's what I'm gonna do

Why did you have to decide
you had to set me free?
I'm gonna swallow my pride
and beg you to please,
baby, please see me
I'm gonna walk by myself
just to prove that my love is true,
all for you, baby'til you come back to me
that's what I'm gonna do

Living for you, my dear
is like living in a world of constant fear
hear my plea
I've got to make you see that our love is dying
Although your phone you ignore
somehow I must explain
I'll gonna rap on your door,
tap on your window pane
I'm gonna camp by your steps
until I get through to you
I got to change your view, baby

'til you come back to me
that's what I'm gonna do
'til you come back to me
that's what I'm gonna do
'til you come back to methat's what I'm gonna do
I'll gonna rap on your door,
tap on your window pane
Open up, baby.
I'll gonna rap on your door,
tap on your window pane
I'll gonna rap on your door,
tap on your window pane

Our lyrics:
Our lyrics are based on the ignorance of the other partner not realizing a relationship to be over. It completely contrasts the original lyrics. We have titled it Out of Love.

Out of Love Lyrics
Slowly falling out of love
Not sure if I should stay
Can’t say ‘I can’t get enough’ (enough)
Nothing’s goin our way (nothing’s goin our way)

Didn’t want to say it
But this can’t go on anymore
Dissing you, listen you
In the past, I’d never say
That you’re no longer my boo

Why did we leave it at that
We could have agreed
I need more than mere chit-chat
You’re not the one
Oh not the one I need
So please let it be (please let it be)
You just have to let me go
In the past, I’d never say
That you’re no longer my boo

We’re not what we used to be
Said I'm slowly fallin' out of love with you
Boy listen
You need to set me free cuz I want to move on without you
Although I'm finally letting goI know we'll end this artificial show
Oh boy you need to realize (realize)That I’m not gonna try
Oh I’m not gonna try
We need to say our good-byes (say our good-byes)
I’ve had too many chances with you
Oh boy
In the past, I’d never saythat you’re no longer my boo

Agent Orange Relief Foundation

[Temporary Logo]

Mission Statement: I, as well as my peers, propose to start a non-profit organization that benefits the people of Vietnam that were affected during the Vietnam War. Specifically, our organization would target those who are experiencing the effects of the chemical, Agent Orange, which was used in chemical warfare by the US toward the Viet Cong. Our main goal is to spread awareness in order to find solutions for this problem. One onf these ways is to indict the US government and military for the environmental damage they have done to the habitat of Vietnam. I will be researching the environmental policy behind this chemical agent, what and how specific components of Agent Orange affect the environment.

The Cold War: Capitalism vs. Communism the Clashing of Ideology

Throughout American history, the United States has been known to be involved in many wars. From the mid-1940s to early 1990s, the US has been involved in what was called the Cold War. To define what a cold war is, according to the US Military Dictionary, the Cold War is coined as “a state of international tension wherein political, economic, technological, sociological, psychological, paramilitary, and military measures short of overt armed conflict involving regular military forces are employed to achieve national objectives.” This definition is the epitome of what happened because of the drawn out tension that went on between the former Soviet Union and the United States.

The Cold War was a clash of political belief amongst the two countries and resulted after World War II. The United States and the Soviet Union were superpowers that were trying to dominate and become the ultimate superpower in the world. However, the US and the Soviet Union did not directly fight each other, although innovating technology, military build up, and weapons were highly invested upon. Though this period of hostility was amid the United States and the Soviet Union, the Cold War did not affect just these two nations alone, but the entire world.

After World War II, the entirety of Europe was in chaos. However, with Eastern Russia better off economically and military-wise than the rest of Europe, Lenin’s ideology of communism began to spread towards western Europe. On June 5th, 1945, Secretary of State, George Marshall called on the United States to assist countries in Europe through what is now called the Marshall Plan. George Marshall stated to a crowd Harvard University graduates, “do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace.” In turn, the Soviet Union devised its own assisted funding system called the Molotov Plan. Thus, the spreading of communism went even further in countries such as East Germany, Hungary, and countries that lay in Southeast Asia. Though the Soviet Union had these countries support, the United States was bolstered by the western region of Europe. With the European region split in half by ideals, as a result, opposition began to take place between the two superpowers of the world, the United States and the Soviet Union. The population of the United States and the Soviet Union were subject to propaganda, constant fear of being attacked, and conspiracy, the most notable being the United States.

The United States had entered a state known as the "Red Scare". The Red Scare was a period in which the American public had expressed a strong belief in anti-communism. At the time, the Soviet Union, was considered the enemy of the American public. To put this into modern perspective, the people of that time were just as afraid of the communists as we are of the terrorists today. The American public was afraid of a communist invasion in the United States, and the government fueled this fear by releasing propaganda such as "Is This Tomorrow: America under Communism" which stated the dangers that communism posed to Americans. This fear consequently resulting by turning Americans on their own fellow Americans.

"I have here in my hand a list of 205—a list of names that were made known to the Secretary of State as being members of the Communist Party". These words, spoken by Joseph McCarthy, ushered in the term McCarthyism. McCarthyism took anti-communism to a whole new level. American citizens who were federal employees were subject to President Harry Truman's Executive Order 9835. This set in motion rigorous questioning to determine whether or not they were communist, if one were to be convicted of being disloyal to the United States or even feel a tiny bit sympathetic towards communists, the employee was to be fired. Upon going into office in 1953 President Dwight Eisenhower not only extended the program but he strengthened it, he made it difficult for anyone to get repealed. Accusation did not only mean an employee lost their job, but it meant unemployment for possibly the rest of ones life. America’s intolerance of communism affected other countries as well though its foreign policies.

Many foreign policies that were created by the two nations aided in the rise of tenacious conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States, with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization being an example. Otherwise known as NATO, it was a treaty signed by the western countries of Europe and North America that agreed to mutually defend one another if one was attacked by an outer party. Counteracting this treaty, the Soviet Union created the Warsaw Pact to facilitate the countries that the Soviet Union gained after World War II. Also, the Warsaw pact enabled the Soviets to use their military force if any efforts were made to gain sovereignty from the Soviet Union. All through the period of the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the US never fought each other directly though there were periods when conflict had risen enough to become a “hot“ war. There were two instances in which the United States did go to battle to fight against communism. In these two cases in point, the US fought the Soviets indirectly. Those two occurrences were the main battles fought in Korea and Vietnam.

The Domino Theory was a theoretical foreign policy. The basic idea behind the Domino Theory was that if one country were to fall under the "tyranny" of communism the surrounding countries would fall into communism too, hence acting just as dominoes a domino effect with one falling right after another. The United States government was in profound support of the theory. President Dwight Eisenhower himself said "Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the "falling domino" principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences". The proof that the Domino Theory was logical was the rise of communism in Asian country's, this can be disproved by the fact that countries, such as Indonesia, did not become communist even after the United states withdrew from the region. The Domino Theory led to the United States involvement in Asian conflicts.

During the 1950s Korea was split in two, such as Europe, in terms of government and beliefs. The north was communist whereas the south was not. Naturally, the northern part of Korea would want to whole country become communist so they attempted to spread communism through invasion. The US greatly feared communism and did not want the southern part of Korea to become communist as well. As a result, the US financed and supported South Korea and in conclusion the north did not succeed. As of current, North Korea is still a communistic nation. This was known as the Korean War or the Forgotten War since it did not gain as much attention as World War II which was previous and the Vietnam War which occurred later on in 1959.

As with the Korean War, the Vietnam War was very similar. However, the Vietnam War lasted much longer, with the period of warfare lasting about 15 years. This war was brought upon by the north, once again a communistic region versus the south which was, once more, supported by the United States. Except this time, the support from the US was through vast amounts of battleground troops which resulted in a significant loss. The Vietnam War began to fall once the US pulled out under conditions posed out by the Paris Peace Accord. Unlike the Korean War, North Vietnam did succeed and the entirety of Vietnam is communist still today. Shortly after, another conflict arose when the Soviet Union gained hold of nuclear weapons.

All throughout the apprehension between the two nations, they both had stocked up on a large accumulation of nuclear weapons. With the two superpowers that were clearly in opposition with each other, mutually assured destruction, or MAD became the summarization of what would happen if the two were to bomb one another - or in even simpler terms, nuclear annihilation. In case this were to happen, President Ronald Reagan devised a plan to somehow destroy these nuclear missiles from space. This proposal was called the Strategic Defense Initiative. This defense system would be operated from ground and would have used space-based systems to shelter the United States from attack by strategic nuclear missiles. Soon enough, the Soviets started to fund their military, which left the Soviet population in a fiscal crisis. Therefore, the countries within the Soviet Union began to rebel, however laws that forbade possessions of weapons allowed the Soviet military to slaughter those rebelling, which is what happened in the former Czechoslovakia and Hungary. Many countries thereafter began to revolt and these revolts in result brought forwards new lawful rights. Some of these led to countries gaining their own independence. For example, in the early 1990s, eastern Berlin became united with the western Berlin. In conclusion, Mikhail Gorbachev and President George Bush finally ended this long period of tension in the year 1991, with the wall symbolizing communism was finally brought down.

Hypothetically speaking, if these outcomes did not occur, I believe that the following situation would take place: In 1974 The Soviet Union came to the realization that it would not be able to compete with the United States in all aspects. The Soviet economy crippled and its population were stricken with poverty. Out of desperation, the Soviet Union invaded Turkey, Yugoslavia, Austria, and west Germany. As a result, Yugoslavia and Switzerland surrendered out of fear for its population. West Germany and Turkey which were under NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) put up a resistance that was quickly lost within one day of battle, this was due to the unimaginable number of troops the Soviets possessed. The Soviets, with the assistance of China and its vast population, were able to take over Europe and Asia. Unfortunately, the United States was unable to go into battle due to its recent involvement in Vietnam. The following week, the Soviet Union attacked the United States from the west coast, Canada had no choice but to get involved. This warfare conflict lasted 3 years until finally the United States surrendered on June 20, 1991.

Cat's Cradle

Title: Cat's Cradle

Author: Kurt Vonnegut
Company: Dell Publishing

Reason, Type and Setting: As a part of our documentary project that we were assigned, our group was to read a book relating to our corresponding war. My group was assigned the Cold War. Kurt Vonnegut is known for his satirical writing and I've read a couple books of his before so Cat's Cradle really caught my eye when I saw it on the list of books to read on Elika's blog. The main happenings occur on fantasized island of San Lorenzo which is located in the Caribbean.

Plot: It's rather funny that I didn't notice that the main character was never referred to by name, or I just can't find it. Well, anyway, the book is written in first person as most of Kurt Vonnegut's books are. The book basically is somewhat an allegory you can say of the paranoia that the American's had about the Cold War, the destructive power of an atom bomb, as well as newfound ideology. It all starts when the main character is interested about the "father" of the atom bomb Dr. Franklin Hoenikker and his family, the main character later finds out that Dr. Hoenikker made the most destructive thing in the planet, Ice-9 which would cause everything to freeze. One could see the parallels between the atom bomb and this new substance ice-9. Vonnegut also touches up on religious topics, with an outlawed religion called Bokononism in the island of San Lorenzo. The plot is a bit hard to explain but this novel really makes you think as to how the Cold War relates to this book.

Character: Since the main character is a bit hard to describe, I will describe Frank Hoenikker, the son of the late Dr. Franklin Hoenikker. If I were to describe Frank I'd say that he a little bit mysterious. When he was younger many people would tease and call him Secret Agent X-9. He was very reserved and spent his days living in the basement of a colleague of his. There he built miniature replicas of cities. Later on, he somehow managed to go to the island of San Lorenzo and was appointed General because he contained a portion of ice-9 which was split up between him and his two other siblings. Further into the story, Frank is told that he is to become president since the current one was ill and Frank felt that he could not communicate well to the public and asks the main character to accept the position. In this way, Frank is just like his father.

Evaluation: I'd say that Kurt Vonnegut's books are sometimes a bit complicating to read and it was somewhat easier to find the correlation of the Cold War to this book than his other novels. I plan to read another book written by him for my Honors Outside Reading. Personally, I really like his writing style but I do not think many would find it very entertaining and may end up getting confused. If you are the type of person that enjoys satirical books such as Candide by Voltaire you'll enjoy Kurt Vonnegut's novels.

Author, Context and Trivia: Kurt Vonnegut was born on what he likes to refer as Armistice Day which is what Veteran's Day was originally called in the year of 1922 and has recently passed away on April 11th, 2007. He was known for his graphic arts in his novels as well as his writing science fiction and satire. He has written a number of books and short stories.

Candidate Profile Project

With the large number of candidates campaigning to become the next president, it can be difficult to distinguish various candidates from on another. Using Online NewsHour information available at http://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2008/index.html along with other Internet and primary sources, answer each question below and create a candidate profile that describes one of the people campaigning to be president. Be prepared to share your candidate profile with classmates, and stage a mini-debate.

Group Members:
Paris F.
Anthony K.
Anna L.



Research Questions

1. The candidate I am profiling is:
   Barack Obama
   


2. The political party this candidate represents is:
   The Democratic Party



3. What other political offices has this person had in his/her career, if any?
   Barack Obama was a Senator in the United States Senate from 2005-present and is the 5th black U.S. senator in history. Also, he was a Keynote Speaker during the 2004 Democratic National Convention and was previously the senator of the Illinois State Senate from 1996-2004.
   


4. What prior political and leadership experience does this candidate have that makes him/her qualified to be the next president?
   Other than his political experience being what qualifies him to be the next president, he has taken leadership roles in many organizations. Those being the following:
   
   Member, Trinity United Church of Christ, present
   Center for Neighborhood and Technology
   Chicago Annenberg Challenge
   Cook County Bar
   Cook County Bar Association Community Law Project
   President, Harvard Law Review
   Board Member, Joyce Foundation
   Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law
   Leadership for Quality Education
   Board Member, Woods Fund of Chicago.
   


5. What is this candidate's point of view on major issues, such as:




1. The Iraq War
   Problem: Many people have a misunderstanding about the surge, and that the reason why additional troops were put in Iraq in 2006 was to press the Iraqi leaders to come up with a solution and a compromise so that American troops can leave at the end of the year, but it has not happened and though the levels of violence was significantly reduced in Iraq, it placed an incredible strain in American economy which led to 40% of the Army and the Marine Corps weapons are in need of repair and make it harder for American troops to respond to other needs.
   
   Plan: As people are skeptical to the true intentions of most candidates, Barack Obama has disapproved of the war since it was started in 2001, and he consistently voted against the war. He plans to immediately remove 1-2 brigades each month, and expects to have all combat brigades out of Iraq within 16 months. His only plan with the military is to keep a few troops to protect our embassy and diplomats and he will use those troops to carry attacks on al Qaeda if necessary. He also states that he will press Iraqi leaders to come up with a solution as fast as possible and that he will make it clear that the Americans are leaving and that they will pay 2 billion to provide for the Iraqi refugees and the displaced.
   
   
2. National Security

Problem: On his campaign website, its states that, “Five years after 9/11, our country is still unprepared for a terrorist attack. From improving security for our transit systems and chemical plants, to increasing cargo screening in our airports and seaports, the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission have been underfunded and ignored. The 9/11 Commission gave the government five F's and 12 D's on the implementation of its recommendations. Senator Obama is a member of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee and has supported efforts to base homeland security spending on risk rather than pork-barrel politics. He has also introduced legislation to strengthen chemical plant and drinking water security and to enhance disaster preparedness.”

Plan: Barack Obama plans to increase our homeland security in the most efficient way possible. He plans to keep track of nuclear and chemical plants, increasing the security and defense to those plants, and to do the same with our water supplies. He stresses that the water supplies are critical to our security, and that it has not gotten enough federal funding to be adequately protected. He also plans to increase reserves for disaster relief funds to ensure that if a disaster strikes, whether it is a terrorist attack or a natural disaster.


3. Education
   Problem: The goal of the law was in the right, but unfulfilled funding promises, inadequate implementation by the Education Department and shortcomings in the design of the law itself have limited its effectiveness and undercut its support. As a result, the law has failed to provide high-quality teachers in every classroom and failed to adequately support and pay those teachers. Six million middle and high school students read significantly below their grade level. A full third of high school graduates do not immediately go on to college. American 15 year olds rank 28th out of 40 countries in mathematics and 19th out of 40 countries in science. Almost 30 percent of students in their first year of college are forced to take remedial science and math classes because they are not prepared.
   
   Plan: Obama's comprehensive "Zero to Five" plan will provide critical support to young children and their parents. Unlike other early childhood education plans, Obama's plan places key emphasis at early care and education for infants, which is essential for children to be ready to enter kindergarten. Obama will create Early Learning Challenge Grants to promote state "zero to five" efforts and help states move toward voluntary, universal pre-school. Expand Early Head Start and Head Start: Obama will quadruple Early Head Start, increase Head Start funding and improve quality for both. will also provide affordable and high-quality child care to ease the burden on working families. Reform No Child Left Behind: Obama will reform NCLB, which starts by funding the law. Obama believes teachers should not be forced to spend the academic year preparing students to fill in bubbles on standardized tests. He will improve the assessments used to track student progress to measure readiness for college and the workplace and improve student learning in a timely, individualized manner. Obama will also improve NCLB's accountability system so that we are supporting schools that need improvement, rather than punishing them.
   
4. Health Care
   Problem: Because the cost of health insurance is rapidly rising, the majority of the American population is either uninsured or underinsured. Statistics show that 47 million Americans, as well as 9 million children fit in this category. Aside from that, there is not enough money being spent on spreading awareness and prevention towards public health such as obesity and other chronic diseases.
   
   Plan: In regards to uninsured Americans, Obama plans to have a health insurance that has guaranteed eligibility for everyone. It will also have affordable premiums, comprehensive benefits, easy enrollment, and portability and choice which will enable Americans to move from job to job without jeopardizing their health care coverage. Also, Obama will set up a National Health Insurance Exchange to help people who want to purchase a private insurance plan as well as have employers contribute to their employees. However, employers will have to contribute an amount that would be substantial enough to help their employee have health insurance, whether it is through benefits or increased payroll.
   


5. The Economy
   Problem: There are various problems with America’s economy, and that the biggest is that the middle class are failing to move up on the social ladder.
   
   Plan: Senator Obama plans to give better tax relief, and plans to create a universal mortgage credit for Americans, and it will help more that 10 million American’s become land owners, through the equaling of the scale of the home mortgage rates. Houses today are being sold in the favor of the better off because they itemize or put on a list of deductable taxes. Barack Obama plans to remove the tipped scale to create a housing market where people further down the social ladder can afford homes as well.
   


6. Taxes
Problem: Taxes I think are serious in our day now because so much of our money goes into taxes. 1 third of our paychecks go out to taxes, the reason its an issue is because the things bush spends our taxes on like the war in Iraq. When in reality many people want the money to go to better things whether it be a cure for aids or helping families in need.

Plans: Barack has many plans when it comes to this issue because it is such a huge issue and by that I mean there are many forms of taxation and these are the things that Barack wants to do for some of those issues: Provide a “Making Work Pay” Tax Cut for America's Working Families, Create a Universal Mortgage Credit, Expand the Earned Income Tax Credit, Eliminate Income Taxes for Seniors Making Less Than $50,000, Enable Millions of Americans to Complete Tax Returns in 5 Minutes, Create the American Opportunity Tax Credit, Expand the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit



7. Global Warming
   Problem: The facts are that America uses 20 million barrel’s of foreign oil a day and that it had cost 500 billion dollars in the year 2006. Also climate change is causing numerous problems from rising water levels, deteriorating ecosystems, and greater differences in temperature around the world.
   
   Plan: Senator Obama’s plans are to reduce Carbon Dioxide emissions by 80 percent by 2050, and stop deforestation and/or research ways to capture carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. He also plans to invest over a 150 billion dollars in 10 years to invest in environmentally friendly fuels. He also plans to put in effect various incentives, prizes, and government funding to help America eliminate their need for foreign oil
   


8. Nuclear Weapons
   Problem: Since 9/11, terrorism has been the biggest threat to America. But as of now, the threat of a terrorist attack with a nuclear weapon and the spread of nuclear weapons to dangerous regimes are the gravest. Obama has taken bipartisan action to secure nuclear weapons and materials.
   
   Plans: Obama will secure all loose nuclear materials in the world within four years. While we work to secure existing stockpiles of nuclear material, Obama will negotiate and assure that a verifiable global ban is made on the production of new nuclear weapons material. By doing so, this will deny terrorists the ability to steal or buy loose nuclear materials. Obama plans to strengthen the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty so that countries such as North Korea and Iran that break the rules will be automatically faced with strict international sanctions. Obama has a goal of a nuclear weapon-free world. He will start doing so by seeking dramatic reductions in U.S. and Russian stockpiles of nuclear weapons and material while also setting a goal to expand the U.S. & Russian ban on intermediate- range missiles so that the agreement is global.
   


9. Immigration
   Problem: The number of illegal immigrants has risen by 40% since the year 200 and it is estimated that more than half of a million illegal immigrants come each year. Also since the immigration bureaucracy is so overwhelmed, the process in which it takes to apply is a very prolonged one it forces immigrants to wait.
   
   Plan: Other than wanting to secure the border through the use of technology, Obama proposes to fix the broken immigration bureaucracy and increase the number of legal immigrants so as to keep families together and meet the demand for jobs that employers cannot fill. However, he wants to crack down on employers who hire undocumented immigrants. Obama supports a system that allows undocumented immigrants who are in good standing to pay a fine, learn English, and go to the back of the line for the opportunity to become citizens as well as promoting development in Mexico’s economy to decrease illegal immigration.
   
   
10. Gay Marriage
    Problem: Gay marriage is a serious topic because the LGBT community has been fighting for the right to do so for a long time. The reason being that if you were married and something happens to the other person there area many things that come with being married and when they are not it makes things complicated for example if you were married some of the benefits that come with it are Married couples are permitted to give an unlimited amount of gifts to each other without being taxed. Many married people are entitled to financial benefits relating to their spouses, such as disability, pension and social security benefits.
    
    Plan: Barack Obama supports full civil unions that give same-sex couples equal legal rights and privileges as married couples, including the right to assist their loved ones in times of emergency as well as equal health insurance, employment benefits, and property and adoption rights. Obama also believes we need to fully repeal the Defense of Marriage Act and enact legislation that would ensure that the 1,100+ federal legal rights and benefits currently provided on the basis of marital status are extended to same-sex couples in civil unions and other legally-recognized unions.
    
    

Biographical Summary
Barack Obama was born on August 4th, 1961 on the island of Oahu in Hawaii to a Kenyan father and a Caucasian mother from Kansas. Most of his youth was spent with his grandmother in Hawaii and attended the esteemed high school, Punahou Academy. During his teenage years he struggled to reconcile social perceptions of his biracial heritage. After graduating from high school he attended the prestigious schools, Occidental College and Columbia. Right after college, he moved to Chicago, Illinois to work as a community organizer in the tough neighborhoods of Chicago. Here, Obama worked with poor families on the South Side to get improvements in public housing and also fought for a program to keep at-risk children from dropping out of school. However, he had to leave his job to pursue a law degree at Harvard Law School where he became President of the Harvard Law Review. He then returned back to Chicago to install a new program called Project VOTE where it helps people register to become voters. Soon after that Obama was elected to the Illinois state Senate in 1996, when Democrats were in the minority. He proposed hundreds of new law with those being universal health care, strict gun control and expanded welfare, but were turned down by the Republican leadership. He did pass some laws in restricting the gifts that Illinois politicians could accept from lobbyists called the Gift Ban Act and also helped create the Illinois' "KidCare" program, which provided health care to children in families that did not qualify for Medicaid. When Obama was elected to the U.S. Senate he cooperated with Republican Senator Richard Lugar to study the dangers of nuclear proliferation and pass laws meant to keep nuclear material from falling into the hands of terrorists.

"Barack Obama Biography." 2007. 24 Jan. 2008 .

My Point of View
Judging from Obama's point of views towards the issues going on today in our country, I htink that he would make a great possible candidate for our country despite his length, or lack of experience compared to his competitors. If he were to be the winner of the Democratic Party, I would definitely vote for him. His plans are definitely capable of being successful, I believe. He is a strong person who holds up to his values and is a well-spoken person who is open-minded and is very willing to listen to both sides to comes up with a fair decision.

Paris's Point of View
I want Borack Obama in office and these are reasons why. African American people today sadly still are abused for their race whether it is racial profiling or becoming a president. One of the things that are amazing to me is how far African American people have come since slavery ended. Not only is the fact that he’s black make me want to vote for him I also love his views on current problems in America. One being what he thinks about Iraq. He wants to get our troops out of their and go about the situation in a more civilized manner by vactually talking. I think he wants what is good for the people and I respect that the most.

Anthony's Point of View
I believe that Barack Obama has the greatest plan for America’s future, though some parts of his plans are somewhat weak such as the homeland security plans, his plans to balance out America through the removal of troops in Iraq, the making of a fair housing market, seems to be do-able. I think that his greatest asset is that he can back up his most crucial arguments for his campaign such as his disapproval of the Iraq war since he was senate; he also has a lack of experience, though that is a double edged sword. His lack of experience can make him weaker in handling situations that arise, but it could also help as well since he would not be influenced with any past experiences, just like a clean slate.

FBI Dossier: Anne Hutchinson

digitally enhanced to look 20 years younger.

Colonial F.B.I. Project

Purpose: To create an FBI file on one of the following explorers, scientists, or leaders who played a pivotal role during the American Revolution.

Name : Anne Hutchinson
Born: July, 1591 in Alford, England
Died: 1643 in New York, United States
Brief history (family, personal, significant dates/events): Comes from a family background of very religious radicals, in turn influencing her religious beliefs among the Puritan population (mostly women) in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She would hold meetings in her home where visitors could freely question religious beliefs and criticize racial prejudice, especially the enslavement of the Native Americans. In 1637 she was put on trial because of her undermining views, secret blasphemies, and breaking the 5th commandment of "honoring thy father and thy mother."
Known as: Puritan Prophet
Stats:
height - 5"5
weight - 123lbs
clothes size - 36" bust; 27" waist
hairstyle - tight bun covered with a dark colored bonnet
Occupation: Religious Leader/Protester/Midwife
Favorite foods: Molasses ginger snaps
Favorite drink: Sherry Cobbler
Jewelry preference : no preference
Naughty facts: Once accused of behaving like a man.
Secret conversations: Anne Hutchinson would hold discussions with women and was accused of influencing women with perverse ideas in regards to their dignity and rights.
Quote: "I have been guilty of wrong thinking"

ESSAY OUTLINE

Page I: Anne Hutchinson's Beginnings
- Current events going on in her time period.
- Puritan society, religious views, persecution in England
- Immigration to America w/Puritans
- Her family background, how influential towards her views.

Page II: Anne Hutchinson's Life in Puritan Society
- Midwife, wife, and mother of 15 children
- Secret discussions/meetings
- Put on trial for heresy/reasons why

Page III: Anne Hutchinson's Contributions/Conclusion
- Pioneered advocating for religious dissent, the right to assemble, and women’s rights
- Influential woman in colonial society
- foundation of America's Christian feminism, liberal thinking, and religious freedom

ANNE HUTCHINSON

Roots

There were many happenings in the years between 1500 to 1600, however the most prominent events that happened during these years in England, which will be focused on is the Puritan religious movement and the life of Anne Hutchinson. We will get down to the roots of Puritanism and how the religion could spark such an influential and controversial person among their society.

In England, where Puritanism began, the main church was The Church of England or also known as the Anglican Church which foundations began after King Henry VIII wanted a divorce from his wife. The only option King Henry VIII had was to build his own church. Thus being said, the Puritan people wanted to purify the church of England, hence their name, and the Puritans were most influenced by a man by the name of John Calvin.Their beliefs focused with having the authorities contain less power than they already had, with King Henry VIII being an example. Also, they believed that the Anglican Church vested too much power in their church heirarchy. Aside from that they also believed that the government had excessive authority and in turn, the Puritans preached that the government must control their power through a constitution that limited thier authority. As a result, the Puritans were considered a radical religion and King James, who ruled after King Henry VIII persecuted those who were Puritans.

Consequently, the Puritans fled to the New World to flee from the religious persecution going on in England. An infamous group of Puritans that fled to the New World was the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 and Anne Hutchinson was of those Puritans who fled.

Life in Puritan Society

Anne Hutchinson was born within the year of 1591 in Lincolnshire, England. There, she spent her childhood and later to adulthood. Her background understandingly comes from a father who was a preacher among the Puritan society in England but the noble authorities had his liscence suspended as a preacher, because of his very straightforward faultfindings within the religious establishment. After her father’s death, Anne Hutchinson married and had fifteen children in the span of twenty three years. For about twenty years she worked as a midwife in England and in 1634 she emigrated to the New World. “She had decided to emigrate in the belief that New England afforded greater religious freedom as well as wider opportunities for women.” (Ellsberg, Par.4)

Life in New England

Though Anne was raised a Puritan, when she emigrated to the New World, she highly disagreed with the authority that some of the Puritan people held and the views of Puritan life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She considered a very independent woman in that time and she was still known for her skilled midwifery and herbal healing. She and her husband were very important in the colony for Anne was the town’s midwife and many were in debts to her. She was also a very eager student and reader of the Bible. She also held meetings and prayer groups with the women in the colony. At these meetings, Anne would read a passage from the Bible, and just like a preacher, interprate what she believed the passage meant. There were also other topics discussed as well. During Anne’s life in New England in Puritan Society, she was very vocal about the beliefs she held but in a discrete setting. Her bible groups were seen as being secret discussions and meetings held in her own home. There she and the people talked of issues such as religious beliefs and questioning them and racial prejudice which affected the Native Americans during that time. The official town ministers began to become wary of what these meetings going on in the Hutchinson household were about and thus highly opposed these meetings saying that she was confusing the faithful. The towns people compared Anne “to a modern “Jezebel” who was infecting women with perverse and “abominable” ideas regarding their dignity and rights.” (Ellsberg, Par. 6)

As a result, Anne was put on trial for heresy and because of her perfidious and corrupt views. Her trial consisted of the equivalent to a jury, however all were male and they freely interrogated her to admit her idealistic abominations. Because of her ideology, she was exiled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Contributions to Modern Society

Anne Hutchinson is said to have pioneered woman’s rights and religious disagreement and I believe that she has done so. Anne Hutchinson tried to have the women be involved in religious discussions and have the abiltity to voice their opinions during their discussions. She was influential, not only towards woman, but to the town people as well since she aided the families with the many births going on and acted as a doctor through her herbal homeopathic treatments. I would say her views were very liberal during her time, especially for a woman’s and that deems her contribution into our society.

Bibliography

1. Ellsberg, Robert. "Anne Hutchinson." Gratefulness. 2007. 28 Dec. 2007 .
2. Hutchinson, Anne (1591-1643). DISCovering Biography. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.
3. Puritans.Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History. Ed. Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999

Oppression

This past week, our class took a field trip to Ocean Beach where we were let loose with a camera in hand to take pictures that we felt depicted oppression.

I took a series of pictures showing the building and the graffiti but in different angles. I modified this picture so that the grime on the wall along with the graffiti is highlighted and visible. I found the angle that I took this picture makes you look towards the dilapitated painted wooden door that is the entrance towards the old uncared for buildings that people are currently living in. I believe that this picture depicts hardship which in turn means oppression because of the bad conditions of the buildings that the people have to live in.


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